- 本文地址: https://www.laruence.com/2008/04/21/101.html
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最近在做一个需要用到异步PHP的项目， 翻阅PHP源码的时候，发现了三个没有用过的模块，sysvsem,sysvshm,sysvmsg,一番研究以后，受益非浅。
在PHP中有这么一族函数，他们是对UNIX的V IPC函数族的包装。
它们很少被人们用到，但是它们却很强大。巧妙的运用它们，可以让你事倍功半。
它们包括：
信号量(Semaphores) 共享内存(Shared Memory) 进程间通信(Inter-Process Messaging, IPC)
基于这些，我们完全有可能将PHP包装成一基于消息驱动的系统。
但是，首先，我们需要介绍几个重要的基础:
1. ftok
int ftok ( string pathname, string proj ) //ftok将一个路径名pathname和一个项目名(必须为一个字符), 转化成一个整形的用来使用系统V IPC的key
2. ticks
Ticks是从PHP 4.0.3开始才加入到PHP中的，它是一个在declare代码段中解释器每执行N条低级语句就会发生的事件。N的值是在declare中的directive部分用ticks=N来指定的。
function getStatus($arg){
print_r connection_status();
debug_print_backtrace();
}
reigster_tick_function("getStatus", true);
declare(ticks=1){
for($i =1; $i<999; $i++){
echo "hello";
}
}
unregister_tick_function("getStatus");
这个就基本相当于：
function getStatus($arg){
print_r connection_status();
debug_print_backtrace();
}
reigster_tick_function("getStatus", true);
declare(ticks=1){
for($i =1; $i<999; $i++){
echo "hello"; getStatus(true);
}
}
unregister_tick_function("getStatus");
消息，我现在用一个例子来说明，如何结合Ticks来实现PHP的消息通信。
$mesg_key = ftok(__FILE__, 'm');
$mesg_id = msg_get_queue($mesg_key, 0666);
function fetchMessage($mesg_id){
if(!is_resource($mesg_id)){
print_r("Mesg Queue is not Ready");
}
if(msg_receive($mesg_id, 0, $mesg_type, 1024, $mesg, false, MSG_IPC_NOWAIT)){
print_r("Process got a new incoming MSG: $mesg ");
}
}
register_tick_function("fetchMessage", $mesg_id);
declare(ticks=2){
$i = 0;
while(++$i < 100){
if($i%5 == 0){
msg_send($mesg_id, 1, "Hi: Now Index is :". $i);
}
}
}
//msg_remove_queue($mesg_id);
在这个例子中，首先将我们的PHP执行Process加入到一个由ftok生成的Key所获得的消息队列中。
然后，通过Ticks，没隔俩个语句，就去查询一次消息队列。
然后模拟了消息发送。
在浏览器访问这个脚本，结果如下：
Process got a new incoming MSG: s:19:"Hi: Now Index is :5"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :10"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :15"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :20"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :25"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :30"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :35"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :40"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :45"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :50"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :55"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :60"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :65"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :70"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :75"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :80"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :85"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :90"; Process got a new incoming MSG: s:20:"Hi: Now Index is :95";
看到这里是不是，大家已经对怎么模拟PHP为事件驱动已经有了一个概念了？ 别急，我们继续完善。
2. 信号量
信号量的概念，大家应该都很熟悉。通过信号量，可以实现进程通信，竞争等。 再次就不赘述了，只是简单的列出PHP中提供的信号量函数集。
sem_acquire -- Acquire a semaphore sem_get -- Get a semaphore id sem_release -- Release a semaphore sem_remove -- Remove a semaphore
具体信息，可以翻阅PHP手册。
3. 内存共享
PHP sysvshm提供了一个内存共享方案:sysvshm，它是和sysvsem,sysvmsg一个系列的，但在此处，我并没有使用它，我使用的shmop系列函数，结合TIcks
function memoryUsage(){
printf("%s: %s<br/>", date("H:i:s", $now), memory_get_usage());
//var_dump(debug_backtrace());
//var_dump(__FUNCTION__);
//debug_print_backtrace();
}
register_tick_function("memoryUsage");
declare(ticks=1){
$shm_key = ftok(__FILE__, 's');
$shm_id = shmop_open($shm_key, 'c', 0644, 100);
}
printf("Size of Shared Memory is: %s<br/>", shmop_size($shm_id));
$shm_text = shmop_read($shm_id, 0, 100);
eval($shm_text);
if(!empty($share_array)){
var_dump($share_array);
$share_array['id'] += 1;
}else{
$share_array = array('id' => 1);
}
$out_put_str = "$share_array = " . var_export($share_array, true) .";";
$out_put_str = str_pad($out_put_str, 100, " ", STR_PAD_RIGHT);
shmop_write($shm_id, $out_put_str, 0);
?>
运行这个例子，不断刷新，我们可以看到index在递增。
单单使用这个shmop就能完成一下，PHP脚本之间共享数据的功能：以及，比如缓存，计数等等。
未完待续
<?php
function getStatus($arg)
{
print_r(connection_status());
debug_print_backtrace();
}
register_tick_function("getStatus", true);
declare(ticks=1) {
for ($i = 1; $i < 999; $i++) {
echo "hello";
}
}
unregister_tick_function("getStatus");
文中，有语法/拼写错误，应该为：
print_r(connection_status());
register_tick_function("getStatus", true);
[…] 本文地址: https://www.laruence.com/2008/04/21/101.html […]
这个需要哪些扩展？还有php版本最小是多少？
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貌似ticks是在php5.3.0引入的吧
wow.. nice debug
Kereeeen 😀 debugnya
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ticks 指令在 PHP 5.3.0 中是过时指令，将会从 PHP 6.0.0 移除。
[…] 本文地址: http://www.laruence.com/2008/04/21/101.html最近在做一个需要用到异步PHP的项目， […]
[…] 这里有鸟哥的一篇《关于PHP你可能不知道的－PHP的事件驱动化设计》，看了以后对PHP共享内存以及应用会有更深刻的了解！ […]
小错误：文章开头“事半功倍”，呵呵
哈哈,发现鸟哥的小bug
这个可以用来发送邮件吗？如果不能，如果想批量发送邮件，怎么样实现呢？请教！
[…] 本文地址: http://www.laruence.com/2008/04/21/101.html […]
我的项目中，用sysvshm实现了本地缓存数据共享，其实主要目的就是避开memcache的网络连接那一步，
ipc:信号量，共享内存，消息队列。
Call to undefined function msg_stat_queue()
报这个函数未定义。
是不是在windos下用不了？
学习了哈~！
文中所说的消息队列是linux系统本身的那个消息队列吧
怎么没有下文了？我最近在学习多线程。。。感觉有点晕。。。
博主牛人啊，先在雅虎后在百度，不知现在在哪里高就呢？
向你学习～
[…] 传统的B/S结构的应用程序，都是采用”客户端拉”结束来实现客户端和服务器端的数据交换。 本文将通过结合Ticks(可以参看我的另外一篇文章：关于PHP你可能不知道的－PHP的事件驱动化设计)，来实现一个服务器推的PHP聊天室简单构想。 […]
hi
SYSVSHM, SYSVSEM, SYSVMSG就是
shm_* sem_* , msg_* 系列函数是吧？
另，php_event.dll这个是什么东西？有研究过么？
@Rodin, 恩， php_event.dll是 Pecl中event包的win32版本。
要是使用这个那就更方便了，呵呵。
哇，好东西唉~~从来没看过这些呢~
拜一拜博主~~学习SHM和SEM中……
为什么我用了 register_tick_function 设置回调并且 declare(ticks = 1) 后，页面就提示 apache 错误了？救命。。。
呵呵, 事半功倍…
巧妙的运用它们，可以让你事倍功半。
—————————————
为什么要事倍功半丫 ,囧